HUBUNGAN GAYA HIDUP DENGAN ONSET TERJADINYA KATARAK SENILIS
Keywords:
Gaya Hidup, Katarak, SenilisAbstract
Latar Belakang: Katarak senilis merupakan penyebab utama kebutaan yang dapat dicegah dan prevalensinya terus meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia populasi. Bukti epidemiologis menunjukkan bahwa faktor gaya hidup berperan penting dalam patogenesis katarak melalui mekanisme stres oksidatif, inflamasi kronis, dan gangguan metabolik.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara faktor gaya hidup dengan kejadian katarak senilis berdasarkan telaah literatur ilmiah terkini.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literature review dengan desain narrative review menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari jurnal internasional, jurnal nasional, sitasi Fakultas Kedokteran UMI, ClinicalKey, textbook, dan proceeding book yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2018–2025. Literatur yang membahas katarak non-senilis atau katarak akibat penyebab sekunder dikeluarkan dari kajian.
Hasil: Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa gaya hidup tidak sehat seperti merokok, konsumsi alkohol, obesitas, pola makan rendah antioksidan, paparan sinar ultraviolet berlebihan, serta kurang aktivitas fisik berhubungan signifikan dengan peningkatan risiko katarak senilis. Sebaliknya, gaya hidup sehat yang mencakup aktivitas fisik teratur intensitas moderat, pola makan kaya antioksidan, pemeliharaan berat badan ideal, perlindungan terhadap paparan UV, serta pengendalian penyakit metabolik memiliki efek protektif terhadap kejadian dan progresivitas katarak.
Kesimpulan: Gaya hidup merupakan faktor determinan penting dalam kejadian katarak senilis, sehingga modifikasi gaya hidup sehat berpotensi menjadi strategi pencegahan primer yang efektif untuk menurunkan risiko dan beban katarak pada populasi lanjut usia.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Nemal Anugrahyanti, Marlyanti Nur Rahmah Akib, Faridah Amien, Suliati P Amir, Himah Hiromi (Author)
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