PERBANDINGAN MODALITAS RADIOLOGI DALAM DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT GAGAL JANTUNG KONGESTIF (CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE/CHF) : TINJAUAN LITERATUR
Keywords:
Gagal Jantung Kongestif, Modalitas RadiologiAbstract
Latar Belakang: Gagal Jantung Kongestif (Congestive Heart Failure/CHF) merupakan sindrom klinis kompleks dengan prevalensi dan beban morbiditas yang terus meningkat secara global, termasuk di Indonesia. Diagnosis CHF sering terkendala oleh gejala yang tidak spesifik, sehingga pemeriksaan pencitraan radiologi memegang peran penting dalam menegakkan diagnosis, menilai fungsi jantung, menentukan etiologi, serta memantau respons terapi. Berbagai modalitas radiologi tersedia, masing-masing dengan kelebihan dan keterbatasan.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan pustaka (literature review) menggunakan data sekunder dari jurnal ilmiah, buku teks, dan e-book yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2015–2025. Penelusuran dilakukan melalui PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, ProQuest, dan ResearchGate. Artikel diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, kemudian dianalisis secara naratif untuk membandingkan performa diagnostik berbagai modalitas radiologi dalam diagnosis CHF.
Hasil: Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa ekokardiografi tetap menjadi modalitas lini pertama karena ketersediaan dan efisiensinya, meskipun memiliki keterbatasan akurasi terutama pada 2D-ekokardiografi. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR/MRI) merupakan standar emas untuk evaluasi fungsi dan karakterisasi jaringan miokard. Cardiac CT berkembang sebagai alternatif untuk evaluasi anatomi koroner dan fibrosis. Foto toraks (CXR) berperan sebagai skrining awal, sementara Dynamic Chest Radiography (DCR) dan penerapan kecerdasan buatan menunjukkan potensi sebagai metode non-invasif tambahan.
Kesimpulan: Diagnosis CHF memerlukan pendekatan multimodalitas radiologi. Pemilihan modalitas harus disesuaikan dengan tujuan klinis, ketersediaan fasilitas, dan kondisi pasien untuk memperoleh diagnosis yang akurat dan optimal.
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