The Analysis Study of Histopathologic Diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: An Anatomic Pathology Comprehensive Systematic Review
Keywords:
GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease, histopathology, differential diagnosis, esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, biopsy evaluationAbstract
Introduction : This systematic review explores the histopathologic features of GERD and its differential diagnoses, emphasizing the role of endoscopic and histologic assessments in clinical practice. Methods : A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines to evaluate the histopathologic features of GERD and its differential diagnoses. Results : From an initial pool of 6006 publications, eight studies were identified as directly relevant after a thorough screening process. The findings highlight the importance of biopsy sampling and histologic evaluation in differentiating GERD from other esophageal inflammatory conditions. Key diagnostic features included basal cell hyperplasia, elongation of lamina propria papillae, and dilatation of intercellular spaces, which were critical for distinguishing GERD from other conditions. Conclusion : This systematic review emphasizes the importance of histopathologic evaluation in the accurate diagnosis of GERD and its differential diagnoses. Understanding the distinct histopathologic features of GERD, as well as technical aspects of biopsy sampling, is essential for improving diagnostic accuracy and preventing progression to severe complications.
References
Tripathi, Monika; Streutker, Catherine J.; Marginean, E. Celia . (2018). Relevance of histology in the diagnosis of reflux esophagitis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, (), –. doi:10.1111/nyas.13742
Savarino, E., N. de Bortoli, C. De Cassan, et al. 2017. The natural history of gastro-esophageal reflux disease: a comprehensive review. Dis. Esophagus 30: 1–9.
El-Serag, H.B., S. Sweet, C.C. Winchester & J. Dent. 2014. Update on the epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review. Gut 63: 871–880.
Grin, A. & C.J. Streutker. 2015. Esophagitis. Old histologic concepts and new thoughts. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 139: 723–729.
Badillo, R. & D. Francis. 2014. Diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. World J. Gastrointest. Pharmacol. Ther. 5: 105–112.
Katz PO, Dunbar KB, Schnoll-Sussman FH, Greer KB, Yadlapati R, Spechler SJ. ACG Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022;117(1):27-56. doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001538
Aziz, Q., R. Fass, C.P. Gyawali et al. 2016. Functional esophageal disorders. Gastroenterology 150: 1368–1379.
Kondo, T. & H. Miwa. 2017. The role of esophageal hypersensitivity in functional heartburn. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 51: 571–578.
ASGE Standards of Practice Committee, Muthusamy, V.R., J.R. Lightdale, et al. 2015. The role of endoscopy in the management of GERD. Gastrointest. Endosc. 81: 1305–1310.
Jevtić J, Ristić N, Pavlović V, Svorcan J, Milovanovich I, Radusinović M, Popovac N, Simić L, Ćirović A, Đuknić M, et al. The Usefulness of the Eosinophilic Esophagitis Histology Scoring System in Predicting Response to Proton Pump Inhibitor Monotherapy in Children with Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(22):3445. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223445
Yerian, L., R. Fiocca, L. Mastracci, et al. 2011. Refinement and reproducibility of histologic criteria for the assessment of microscopic lesions in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: the Esohisto Project. Dig. Dis. Sci. 56: 2656–2665.
Schneider, N.I., W. Plieschnegger, M. Geppert et al. 2014. Validation study of the Esohisto consensus guidelines for the recognition of microscopic esophagitis (histoGERD Trial). Hum. Pathol. 45: 994–1002.
Krugmann, J., H. Neumann, M. Vieth & D. Armstrong. 2013. What is the role of endoscopy and oesophageal biopsies in the management of GERD? Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol. 27: 373–385.
Haque, S. & R.M. Genta. 2012. Lymphocytic oesophagitis: clinicopathological aspects of an emerging condition. Gut 61: 1108–1114.
Katzka, D.A., K. Ravi, D.M. Geno, et al. 2015. Endoscopic mucosal impedance measurements correlate with eosinophilia and dilation of intercellular spaces in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 13: 1242–1248.
Vakil, N., M. Vieth, B. Wernersson, et al. 2017. Diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is enhanced by adding oesophageal histology and excluding epigastric pain. Aliment Pharmacol. Ther. 45: 1350–1357.
Vieth, M., L. Mastracci, N. Vakil, et al. 2016. Epithelial thickness is a marker of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 14: 1544–1551.e1.
Collins, M.H., L.J. Martin, E.S. Alexander, et al. 2017. Newly developed and validated eosinophilic esophagitis histology scoring system and evidence that it outperforms peak eosinophil count for disease diagnosis and monitoring. Dis. Esophagus 30: 1–8.
Mastracci, L., R. Fiocca, C. Engström, et al. 2017. The dynamics of the oesophageal squamous epithelium ‘normalisation’ process in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease treated with long-term acid suppression or antireflux surgery. Aliment Pharmacol. Ther. 45: 1339–1349..
Thakur K, Varma K, Bhargava M, Singh T, Misra V, Misra SP, et al. Spectrum of histopathological changes and its quantification using a scoring system in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2022;65:781-5
Pasiieshvili TM, Bocharova TV, Zhelezniakova NM, Pasiyeshvili LM. Pathomorphological Features Of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Realization In Young People With Autoimmune Thyroiditis. Wiad Lek. 2022;75(2):456-461.
R. Cui, H. Zhang, L. Zhou, J. Lu, Y. Xue, Y. Wang, X. Yan, L. Lin, S. Lin, Diagnostic value of dilated intercellular space and histopathologic scores in gastroesophageal reflux disease, Diseases of the Esophagus, Volume 28, Issue 6, 1 September 2015, Pages 530–537, https://doi.org/10.1111/dote.12256
Wasielica-Berger, Justyna; Kemona, Andrzej; Kiśluk, Joanna; Świdnicka-Siergiejko, Agnieszka; Rogalski, Paweł; Chwieśko, Adam; Kostrzewska, Maja; Dąbrowski, Andrzej . (2018). The added value of magnifying endoscopy in diagnosing patients with certain gastroesophageal reflux disease. Advances in Medical Sciences, 63(2), 359–366. doi:10.1016/j.advms.2018.04.006
Dao HV, Hoang LB, Nguyen BP, Nguyen HL, Goldberg R, Allison J, Dao TMA, Matsumura T, Dao LV. Esophageal Mucosal Admittance: A New Technique to Diagnose Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease – Is It Feasible?. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2023;16:45-54
Dr. Aswathy Chandramohan, Dr. A.V. Rama devi, Dr. K.T. Shenoy, Dr. Sheela Vasudevan Endoscopic And Histopathological Study Of Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Global Journal For Research Analysis,Volume : 5 | Issue : 9 | September 2016
Somnath Verma, P. Padmanabhan, Bhavishya Sundar, N. Dinakaran, Refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): A clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological perspective –a single centre cross-sectional study, Gastroenterology & Endoscopy, Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 107-111, ISSN 2949-7523, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gande.2024.03.001. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949752324000153) Dr. Sabayya
Bhovi, Dr. Jagadish Kumar CD. Histopathological and endoscopic study of GERD patients. Int J Surg Sci 2019;3(1):132-135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33545/surgery.2019.v3.i1c.24
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Wahyu Agus Prastyo, Artha Investari Nugraheni, Mutia Ruliana Ayuningrum (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
